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Nalchik, the capital of the Republic of Kabardino-Balkaria, located in the northern Caucasus in the south of Russia, is a city established on the foothills of the Caucasus Mountains. It is thought to have taken its name from the Nalchik River on which it is built, or because the mountain range that surrounds it topographically is in the shape of a horseshoe. Although the opinion that it is derived from the word meaning "horseshoe" in Turkish, Adyghe and Balkar is dominant, the name "Nalchik" means "small horseshoe" in Kabardian and Karachay-Balkarian, one of the Turkic languages. For this reason, the horseshoe is used as the emblem of the city.
Date
Nalchik, which has been inhabited by Kabardians and Balkars since 1743, was established as a military fortress in 1818 by the Russians, who captured the region during the 1768-1774 Ottoman-Russian War. It turned into a big town in 1862 and became a settlement where around 2800 people lived in those years. Nalchik, which was known as an insignificant settlement before the October Revolution of 1917, started to become a central structure with this date and gained a quality that would pave the way for the establishment of Soviet power in March 1918. Although the White Army entered Nalchik in January 1919, Soviet Power was re-established in March 1920. Established on September 1, 1921, it received the status of a city as the center of the Kabardino Autonomous Oblast, and until April 16, 1922, it turned into a large settlement and became the center of Kabardino-Balkaria. II. Although it was occupied by Nazi Germany in World War II and was badly damaged, on 12 December 1936, it became the capital of the then Kabardino-Balkarian Soviet Socialist Republic and today's Kabardino-Balkarian Federated Republic. There is also an airport in Nalchik, where there are road and railway extensions from the main roads in the North Caucasus. Nalchik, which has a total of 991 hectares of trees and green areas, was chosen as the second cleanest city in Russia in 2003.
Places to visit
Nalchik, which grew from a military fortress and became an urban city, does not have a classical city center square. Despite this, the city has a very unique structure with its wide avenues and streets and the railway that divides it almost right in the middle, in addition to the traditional structure.
When it comes to places to visit in Nalchik, Lenin Street, Abkhazia Square, Univermag, Gorna Region, Elbrus, Sosriko, Chegem and Bezengi regions and Elbrus Mountains are the first ones that come to mind.
In Nalchik, right in the middle of the city, you feel as if you are walking straight up Lenin Street, and downhill as you walk down. This is a 60-meter-wide street with chestnut trees lined up in two rows on the sidewalk, grass and flowers and wonderful scents. The houses with a maximum of four floors stretching on both sides of the street are very cute. On the right side of the Abkhaz Freedom Square is Nalchik Park, where there are promenades, stylish cafes and restaurants throughout. You can also watch a play at the Şowgencuk Ali Theater and visit the National Parliament Building on the same street. Opposite the parliament, there is a gigantic Statue of Lenin. On this street, there is the Cultural Center, the Cinema Hall, and the famous Russia Hotel across the Marina Statue. If you keep walking on the street where you can come across many street singers, you will pass the City Council Hall and reach the railway station that divides the city in the middle. From this station, it is possible to reach everywhere from Moscow to Siberia and even to China by train.
The most interesting areas of the city are Zelona and Dupkiy Markets. In these markets, where no one sells anything by shouting, all potato stands are in one place, likewise cigarette stands, liquor, medicine, textile, car spare parts, fruit, meat, honey, each product has its own area. Only those products are sold on 10-15 stalls side by side.
Apart from Nalchik Park, there are dozens of large and small parks in the city. From Cevizli Park, which consists entirely of giant walnut trees, you can often come across walnut, apple and plum trees even while walking on the street between the neighborhoods with extremely well-kept, flowery and lush parks, and if you go in season, you can pick and eat fruit...
Eating and drinking
The Caucasus, a geography where many cultures lived together for centuries, accepted these flavors in its cuisine. With this enriching cultural mosaic, Circassian cuisine is one step ahead by taking its deserved place among world-renowned cuisines. hingel mejag, Fıdıgabın, fıtcan, velibah, haltımış, khinkal, hatik, metaz, psihalive, etticin, metaz, hak haluj, puff pastry, şelame, lepsi, kundusu, Chicken Şıpsı paste, gomil, abaza dessert bowl, ironps halva, pumpkin jam, boza and kalmuk tea are among the most consumed delicacies. Don't forget to take a tea break at cafes such as Tamaris Cafe and Leyla Cafe, run by those who have returned from Turkey and settled in Nalchik.