{"id":20140,"date":"2021-12-10T08:39:00","date_gmt":"2021-12-10T05:39:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.turna.com\/blog\/?p=20140"},"modified":"2024-06-22T09:43:22","modified_gmt":"2024-06-22T06:43:22","slug":"dunyanin-en-eski-sehirleri","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.turna.com\/blog\/dunyanin-en-eski-sehirleri","title":{"rendered":"D\u00fcnyan\u0131n Hala Ya\u015fan\u0131lan En Eski 20 \u015eehri"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_83 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-black ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">\u0130\u00e7indekiler<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"\u0130\u00e7indekiler Tablosunu A\u00e7\/Kapat\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #ffffff;color:#ffffff\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #ffffff;color:#ffffff\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 eztoc-toggle-hide-by-default' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/www.turna.com\/blog\/dunyanin-en-eski-sehirleri\/#dunyanin_hala_yasanilan_en_eski_sehirleri\" >D\u00fcnya'n\u0131n H\u00e2l\u00e2 Ya\u015fan\u0131lan En Eski \u015eehirleri<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/www.turna.com\/blog\/dunyanin-en-eski-sehirleri\/#20_varanasi_hindistan\" >20. Varanasi, Hindistan<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/www.turna.com\/blog\/dunyanin-en-eski-sehirleri\/#19_cadiz_ispanya\" >19. Cadiz, \u0130spanya<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/www.turna.com\/blog\/dunyanin-en-eski-sehirleri\/#18_thebai_yunanistan\" >18. Thebai, Yunanistan<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/www.turna.com\/blog\/dunyanin-en-eski-sehirleri\/#17_larnaka_kibris\" >17. Larnaka, K\u0131br\u0131s<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/www.turna.com\/blog\/dunyanin-en-eski-sehirleri\/#16_atina_yunanistan\" >16. Atina, Yunanistan<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/www.turna.com\/blog\/dunyanin-en-eski-sehirleri\/#15_belh_afganistan\" >15. Belh, Afganistan<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/www.turna.com\/blog\/dunyanin-en-eski-sehirleri\/#14_kerkuk_irak\" >14. Kerk\u00fck, Irak<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/www.turna.com\/blog\/dunyanin-en-eski-sehirleri\/#13_erbil_irak\" >13. Erbil, Irak<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/www.turna.com\/blog\/dunyanin-en-eski-sehirleri\/#12_sur_lubnan\" >12. Sur, L\u00fcbnan<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/www.turna.com\/blog\/dunyanin-en-eski-sehirleri\/#11_kudus_israil\" >11. Kud\u00fcs, \u0130srail<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-12\" href=\"https:\/\/www.turna.com\/blog\/dunyanin-en-eski-sehirleri\/#10_beyrut_lubnan\" >10. Beyrut, L\u00fcbnan<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-13\" href=\"https:\/\/www.turna.com\/blog\/dunyanin-en-eski-sehirleri\/#9_gaziantep_turkiye\" >9. Gaziantep, T\u00fcrkiye<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-14\" href=\"https:\/\/www.turna.com\/blog\/dunyanin-en-eski-sehirleri\/#8_filibe_bulgaristan\" >8. Filibe, Bulgaristan<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-15\" href=\"https:\/\/www.turna.com\/blog\/dunyanin-en-eski-sehirleri\/#7_sayda_lubnan\" >7. Sayda, L\u00fcbnan<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-16\" href=\"https:\/\/www.turna.com\/blog\/dunyanin-en-eski-sehirleri\/#6_feyyum_misir\" >6. Feyyum, M\u0131s\u0131r<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-17\" href=\"https:\/\/www.turna.com\/blog\/dunyanin-en-eski-sehirleri\/#5_susa_iran\" >5. Susa, \u0130ran<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-18\" href=\"https:\/\/www.turna.com\/blog\/dunyanin-en-eski-sehirleri\/#4_sam_suriye\" >4. \u015eam, Suriye<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-19\" href=\"https:\/\/www.turna.com\/blog\/dunyanin-en-eski-sehirleri\/#3_halep_suriye\" >3. Halep, Suriye<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-20\" href=\"https:\/\/www.turna.com\/blog\/dunyanin-en-eski-sehirleri\/#2_biblos_lubnan\" >2. Biblos, L\u00fcbnan<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-21\" href=\"https:\/\/www.turna.com\/blog\/dunyanin-en-eski-sehirleri\/#1_eriha_filistin\" >1. Eriha, Filistin<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n\n<p>D\u00fcnya \u00fczerindeki ilk yerle\u015fim yerleri olan ve halen ya\u015fam alan\u0131 olarak kullan\u0131lan \u015fehirleri biliyor musunuz? Bu tarihi kentler ge\u00e7mi\u015fe \u0131\u015f\u0131k tutarken g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze de uyum sa\u011flayarak \u00e7a\u011flar\u0131 birle\u015ftiriyor. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>D\u00fcnyan\u0131n en eski \u015fehirlerinin \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011fu Ortado\u011fu ve Akdeniz co\u011frafyas\u0131nda yer al\u0131yor. Medeniyetlerin be\u015fi\u011fi \u00fclkemizden de bir \u015fehir ilk en eski \u015fehirlerin ilk yirmi listesinde yer al\u0131yor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>D\u00fcnya&#8217;n\u0131n H\u00e2l\u00e2 Ya\u015fan\u0131lan En Eski \u015eehirleri<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"20_varanasi_hindistan\"><\/span><strong>20. Varanasi, Hindistan<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-style-default\"><img width=\"1024\" height=\"640\" data-public-id=\"Dunyanin-En-Eski-Sehirleri\/Dunyanin-En-Eski-Sehirleri.jpg\" fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/res.cloudinary.com\/turna\/images\/w_1024,h_640,c_scale\/f_auto,q_auto:low\/v1636617107\/Dunyanin-En-Eski-Sehirleri\/Dunyanin-En-Eski-Sehirleri.jpg?_i=AA\" alt=\"d\u00fcnyan\u0131n en eski \u015fehirleri\" class=\"wp-post-20140 wp-image-20141\" data-format=\"jpg\" data-transformations=\"f_auto,q_auto:low\" data-version=\"1636617107\" data-seo=\"1\" srcset=\"https:\/\/res.cloudinary.com\/turna\/images\/f_auto,q_auto:low\/v1636617107\/Dunyanin-En-Eski-Sehirleri\/Dunyanin-En-Eski-Sehirleri.jpg?_i=AA 1024w, https:\/\/res.cloudinary.com\/turna\/images\/w_800,h_500,c_scale\/f_auto,q_auto:low\/v1636617107\/Dunyanin-En-Eski-Sehirleri\/Dunyanin-En-Eski-Sehirleri.jpg?_i=AA 800w, https:\/\/res.cloudinary.com\/turna\/images\/w_300,h_188,c_scale\/f_auto,q_auto:low\/v1636617107\/Dunyanin-En-Eski-Sehirleri\/Dunyanin-En-Eski-Sehirleri.jpg?_i=AA 300w, https:\/\/res.cloudinary.com\/turna\/images\/w_672,h_420,c_scale\/f_auto,q_auto:low\/v1636617107\/Dunyanin-En-Eski-Sehirleri\/Dunyanin-En-Eski-Sehirleri.jpg?_i=AA 672w, https:\/\/res.cloudinary.com\/turna\/images\/w_640,h_400,c_scale\/f_auto,q_auto:low\/v1636617107\/Dunyanin-En-Eski-Sehirleri\/Dunyanin-En-Eski-Sehirleri.jpg?_i=AA 640w, https:\/\/res.cloudinary.com\/turna\/images\/w_681,h_426,c_scale\/f_auto,q_auto:low\/v1636617107\/Dunyanin-En-Eski-Sehirleri\/Dunyanin-En-Eski-Sehirleri.jpg?_i=AA 681w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Hindistan yery\u00fcz\u00fcnde ayr\u0131 bir \u00fclkeden \u00e7ok apayr\u0131 bir gezegen sanki. Milattan \u00f6nce 1.000 y\u0131l\u0131nda yerle\u015fik hayat\u0131n ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u015fehir Ganj nehrinin bat\u0131 k\u0131y\u0131s\u0131nda yer al\u0131yor. Benares de olarak bilinen Varanasi Hindular ve Budistler i\u00e7in \u00f6nemli bir kutsal kent. Efsaneye g\u00f6re Hindu tanr\u0131s\u0131 Lord Shiva taraf\u0131ndan 5,000 y\u0131l \u00f6nce kurulan \u015fehir, binlerce y\u0131ld\u0131r ibadet i\u00e7in \u00fclkenin her yan\u0131ndan gelenleri a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131yor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"19_cadiz_ispanya\"><\/span><strong>19. Cadiz, \u0130spanya<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0130spanya\u2019n\u0131n bat\u0131 ucunda, End\u00fcl\u00fcs b\u00f6lgesinde, Atlas Okyanusu k\u0131y\u0131s\u0131nda yer alan \u015fehirde, yerle\u015fik hayat milattan \u00f6nce 1,100 y\u0131l\u0131nda ba\u015fl\u0131yor. 18. Y\u00fczy\u0131ldan itibaren \u0130spanyol donanmas\u0131na ev sahipli\u011fi yapan \u015fehir Fenikeliler taraf\u0131ndan k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir ticaret merkezi olarak kurulup M\u00d6 500 y\u0131l\u0131nda Kartacal\u0131lar\u0131n eline ge\u00e7iyor. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ke\u015fifler \u00e7a\u011f\u0131nda R\u00f6nesans\u2019\u0131 deneyimlemeden \u00f6nce Romal\u0131lar\u0131n ve Emevilerin denetimi alt\u0131na giren \u015fehir halen b\u00fct\u00fcn bu farkl\u0131 k\u00fclt\u00fcrlerin izlerini ta\u015f\u0131yor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"18_thebai_yunanistan\"><\/span><strong>18. Thebai, Yunanistan<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-style-default\"><img width=\"1024\" height=\"640\" data-public-id=\"Thebai-Greece\/Thebai-Greece.jpg\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/res.cloudinary.com\/turna\/images\/w_1024,h_640,c_scale\/f_auto,q_auto:low\/v1636617152\/Thebai-Greece\/Thebai-Greece.jpg?_i=AA\" alt=\"Thebai-Greece\" class=\"wp-post-20140 wp-image-20142\" data-format=\"jpg\" data-transformations=\"f_auto,q_auto:low\" data-version=\"1636617152\" data-seo=\"1\" srcset=\"https:\/\/res.cloudinary.com\/turna\/images\/f_auto,q_auto:low\/v1636617152\/Thebai-Greece\/Thebai-Greece.jpg?_i=AA 1024w, https:\/\/res.cloudinary.com\/turna\/images\/w_800,h_500,c_scale\/f_auto,q_auto:low\/v1636617152\/Thebai-Greece\/Thebai-Greece.jpg?_i=AA 800w, https:\/\/res.cloudinary.com\/turna\/images\/w_300,h_188,c_scale\/f_auto,q_auto:low\/v1636617152\/Thebai-Greece\/Thebai-Greece.jpg?_i=AA 300w, https:\/\/res.cloudinary.com\/turna\/images\/w_672,h_420,c_scale\/f_auto,q_auto:low\/v1636617152\/Thebai-Greece\/Thebai-Greece.jpg?_i=AA 672w, https:\/\/res.cloudinary.com\/turna\/images\/w_640,h_400,c_scale\/f_auto,q_auto:low\/v1636617152\/Thebai-Greece\/Thebai-Greece.jpg?_i=AA 640w, https:\/\/res.cloudinary.com\/turna\/images\/w_681,h_426,c_scale\/f_auto,q_auto:low\/v1636617152\/Thebai-Greece\/Thebai-Greece.jpg?_i=AA 681w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Buras\u0131, antik \u00e7a\u011flarda Atina\u2019n\u0131n kuzeybat\u0131s\u0131ndaki Boeotia b\u00f6lgesinde kurulan bir \u015fehir devleti. \u015eehir, milattan \u00f6nce 1,400 y\u0131l\u0131nda yerle\u015fik hayata ge\u00e7iyor. Kent, Yunan mitolojisinde de \u00f6nemli bir yere sahip. Eski Yunan efsanelerine g\u00f6re Thebai kentinin kurucusu Fenikeli Kadmos&#8217;tur. Tanr\u0131lar\u0131n kral\u0131 Zeus bo\u011fa k\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131na girerek Kadmos&#8217;un k\u0131z karde\u015fi Europa&#8217;y\u0131 ka\u00e7\u0131r\u0131r. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>K\u0131z karde\u015fini aramak i\u00e7in yollara d\u00fc\u015fen Kadmos, Delfi kahinleri&#8217;ne ak\u0131l dan\u0131\u015f\u0131r. Kahinler ona yolda kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131na \u00e7\u0131kacak olan bir ine\u011fin pe\u015fine tak\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131, inek nereye \u00e7\u00f6kerse orada bir kent kurmas\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yler. Onlar\u0131n s\u00f6z\u00fcne uyan Kadmos sonunda Boeotia&#8217;ya var\u0131r ve orada Thebai Kalesi Kadmeia&#8217;y\u0131 kurar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"17_larnaka_kibris\"><\/span><strong>17. Larnaka, K\u0131br\u0131s<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Larnaka, K\u0131br\u0131s adas\u0131n\u0131n g\u00fcneydo\u011fusunda bulunuyor. Kent M\u00d6 14. Y\u00fczy\u0131lda Fenikeliler taraf\u0131ndan \u201cKition\u201d ad\u0131yla kuruluyor. \u00c7e\u015fitli depremlerden zarar g\u00f6ren \u015fehrin Orta \u00c7a\u011f&#8217;da liman\u0131 \u00e7amurla dolmu\u015f. Bunun \u00fczerine \u015fehrin biraz g\u00fcneyinde kalan yeni deniz k\u0131y\u0131s\u0131na da yerle\u015fim yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>19. y\u00fczy\u0131lda adan\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fck ve en \u00f6nemli liman\u0131 ve ticari merkezi idi. G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde, Palmiye a\u011fa\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n dizili oldu\u011fu sahil \u015feridiyle bilinen \u015fehir, arkeolojik alanlar\u0131 ve say\u0131s\u0131z plaj\u0131yla ziyaret\u00e7ileri kendine \u00e7ekiyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Turna\u2019n\u0131n bir\u00e7ok havayolu ile \u00f6zel f\u0131rsat anla\u015fmalar\u0131 bulunuyor. Belli d\u00f6nemlerde yap\u0131lan \u00f6zel kampanyalar\u0131 ka\u00e7\u0131rmay\u0131n. En ucuz&nbsp;<strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.turna.com\/ucak-bileti\/larnaca\">Larlanaka<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/www.turna.com\/ucak-bileti\/fransa\"> u\u00e7ak bileti<\/a><\/strong>&nbsp;i\u00e7in turna u\u00e7ak bileti sayfas\u0131n\u0131 takip edin.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"16_atina_yunanistan\"><\/span><strong>16. Atina, Yunanistan<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-style-default\"><img width=\"1024\" height=\"640\" data-public-id=\"Athens-Greece-City\/Athens-Greece-City.jpg\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/res.cloudinary.com\/turna\/images\/w_1024,h_640,c_scale\/f_auto,q_auto:low\/v1636617188\/Athens-Greece-City\/Athens-Greece-City.jpg?_i=AA\" alt=\"Athens\" class=\"wp-post-20140 wp-image-20143\" data-format=\"jpg\" data-transformations=\"f_auto,q_auto:low\" data-version=\"1636617188\" data-seo=\"1\" srcset=\"https:\/\/res.cloudinary.com\/turna\/images\/f_auto,q_auto:low\/v1636617188\/Athens-Greece-City\/Athens-Greece-City.jpg?_i=AA 1024w, https:\/\/res.cloudinary.com\/turna\/images\/w_800,h_500,c_scale\/f_auto,q_auto:low\/v1636617188\/Athens-Greece-City\/Athens-Greece-City.jpg?_i=AA 800w, https:\/\/res.cloudinary.com\/turna\/images\/w_300,h_188,c_scale\/f_auto,q_auto:low\/v1636617188\/Athens-Greece-City\/Athens-Greece-City.jpg?_i=AA 300w, https:\/\/res.cloudinary.com\/turna\/images\/w_672,h_420,c_scale\/f_auto,q_auto:low\/v1636617188\/Athens-Greece-City\/Athens-Greece-City.jpg?_i=AA 672w, https:\/\/res.cloudinary.com\/turna\/images\/w_640,h_400,c_scale\/f_auto,q_auto:low\/v1636617188\/Athens-Greece-City\/Athens-Greece-City.jpg?_i=AA 640w, https:\/\/res.cloudinary.com\/turna\/images\/w_681,h_426,c_scale\/f_auto,q_auto:low\/v1636617188\/Athens-Greece-City\/Athens-Greece-City.jpg?_i=AA 681w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Bat\u0131 uygarl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n be\u015fi\u011fi ve demokrasinin do\u011fum yeri olan Atina\u2019n\u0131n miras\u0131 halen g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz\u00fc \u015fekillendiriyor. Milattan \u00f6nce 14. Y\u00fczy\u0131lda yerle\u015fik hayat\u0131n ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u015fehirde Yunan, Roma, Bizans ve Osmanl\u0131 an\u0131tlar\u0131 bir arada bulunuyor. \u015eehir g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde Avrupa\u2019n\u0131n pop\u00fcler turistik noktalar\u0131ndan biri.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"15_belh_afganistan\"><\/span><strong>15. Belh, Afganistan<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Araplar taraf\u0131ndan \u201c\u015eehirlerin Annesi\u201d olarak adland\u0131r\u0131lan Belh M\u00d6 1,500 y\u0131l\u0131nda kuruluyor. Kuzey Afganistan\u2019da yer alan \u015fehir M\u00d6 2,500-1,900 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda, Pers ve Med imparatorluklar\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fckseli\u015fiyle en \u015fa\u015fal\u0131 d\u00f6nemini ya\u015f\u0131yor. G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde ise b\u00f6lgenin pamuk end\u00fcstrisinin merkezi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"14_kerkuk_irak\"><\/span><strong>14. Kerk\u00fck, Irak<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-style-default\"><img width=\"1024\" height=\"640\" data-public-id=\"Kirkuk-Iraq\/Kirkuk-Iraq.jpg\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/res.cloudinary.com\/turna\/images\/w_1024,h_640,c_scale\/f_auto,q_auto:low\/v1636617219\/Kirkuk-Iraq\/Kirkuk-Iraq.jpg?_i=AA\" alt=\"Kerk\u00fck\" class=\"wp-post-20140 wp-image-20144\" data-format=\"jpg\" data-transformations=\"f_auto,q_auto:low\" data-version=\"1636617219\" data-seo=\"1\" srcset=\"https:\/\/res.cloudinary.com\/turna\/images\/f_auto,q_auto:low\/v1636617219\/Kirkuk-Iraq\/Kirkuk-Iraq.jpg?_i=AA 1024w, https:\/\/res.cloudinary.com\/turna\/images\/w_800,h_500,c_scale\/f_auto,q_auto:low\/v1636617219\/Kirkuk-Iraq\/Kirkuk-Iraq.jpg?_i=AA 800w, https:\/\/res.cloudinary.com\/turna\/images\/w_300,h_188,c_scale\/f_auto,q_auto:low\/v1636617219\/Kirkuk-Iraq\/Kirkuk-Iraq.jpg?_i=AA 300w, https:\/\/res.cloudinary.com\/turna\/images\/w_672,h_420,c_scale\/f_auto,q_auto:low\/v1636617219\/Kirkuk-Iraq\/Kirkuk-Iraq.jpg?_i=AA 672w, https:\/\/res.cloudinary.com\/turna\/images\/w_640,h_400,c_scale\/f_auto,q_auto:low\/v1636617219\/Kirkuk-Iraq\/Kirkuk-Iraq.jpg?_i=AA 640w, https:\/\/res.cloudinary.com\/turna\/images\/w_681,h_426,c_scale\/f_auto,q_auto:low\/v1636617219\/Kirkuk-Iraq\/Kirkuk-Iraq.jpg?_i=AA 681w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Ba\u011fdat\u2019\u0131n 236 km kuzeyinde yer alan Kerk\u00fck, Asurlular\u0131n ba\u015fkenti Arafa\u2019n\u0131n \u00fczerine kurulu. M\u00d6 2 bin 200 y\u0131l\u0131nda kurulan \u015fehirde 5 bin y\u0131ll\u0131k kalenin kal\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131 halen g\u00f6r\u00fclebiliyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Stratejik ve co\u011frafik \u00f6nemi nedeniyle \u015fehir, Asur imparatorlu\u011fu, Babil ve Med imparatorluklar\u0131 i\u00e7in adeta bir sava\u015f meydan\u0131yd\u0131. Kent g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde Irak petrol end\u00fcstrisinin ana karargah\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>En uygun&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.turna.com\/ucak-bileti\/irak\">Irak u\u00e7ak bileti&nbsp;i\u00e7in<\/a> turna.com&nbsp;sayfas\u0131n\u0131 ziyaret edin. Geli\u015fmi\u015f arama teknolojisi, g\u00fcvenli \u00f6deme, komisyonsuz al\u0131\u015fveri\u015f, kesintisiz iade garantisi ve daha fazla turna.com sayfalar\u0131nda.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"13_erbil_irak\"><\/span><strong>13. Erbil, Irak<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Kerk\u00fck\u2019\u00fcn kuzeyinde bir zamanlar Asurlular, Persler, Sasaniler, Araplar ve Osmanl\u0131lar taraf\u0131ndan y\u00f6netilen Erbil kenti bulunuyor. \u0130pek Yolu\u2019nun ana duraklar\u0131ndan biri olan Erbil, \u00f6zellikle 12.-15. Y\u00fczy\u0131llarda \u00f6nemli bir ticaret merkezi. Yerden 26 metre y\u00fckselen antik kalesi halen yerinde duruyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"12_sur_lubnan\"><\/span><strong>12. Sur, L\u00fcbnan<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-style-default\"><img width=\"1024\" height=\"640\" data-public-id=\"Sur-Lebanon\/Sur-Lebanon.jpg\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/res.cloudinary.com\/turna\/images\/w_1024,h_640,c_scale\/f_auto,q_auto:low\/v1636617261\/Sur-Lebanon\/Sur-Lebanon.jpg?_i=AA\" alt=\"Sur-Lebanon\" class=\"wp-post-20140 wp-image-20145\" data-format=\"jpg\" data-transformations=\"f_auto,q_auto:low\" data-version=\"1636617261\" data-seo=\"1\" srcset=\"https:\/\/res.cloudinary.com\/turna\/images\/f_auto,q_auto:low\/v1636617261\/Sur-Lebanon\/Sur-Lebanon.jpg?_i=AA 1024w, https:\/\/res.cloudinary.com\/turna\/images\/w_800,h_500,c_scale\/f_auto,q_auto:low\/v1636617261\/Sur-Lebanon\/Sur-Lebanon.jpg?_i=AA 800w, https:\/\/res.cloudinary.com\/turna\/images\/w_300,h_188,c_scale\/f_auto,q_auto:low\/v1636617261\/Sur-Lebanon\/Sur-Lebanon.jpg?_i=AA 300w, https:\/\/res.cloudinary.com\/turna\/images\/w_672,h_420,c_scale\/f_auto,q_auto:low\/v1636617261\/Sur-Lebanon\/Sur-Lebanon.jpg?_i=AA 672w, https:\/\/res.cloudinary.com\/turna\/images\/w_640,h_400,c_scale\/f_auto,q_auto:low\/v1636617261\/Sur-Lebanon\/Sur-Lebanon.jpg?_i=AA 640w, https:\/\/res.cloudinary.com\/turna\/images\/w_681,h_426,c_scale\/f_auto,q_auto:low\/v1636617261\/Sur-Lebanon\/Sur-Lebanon.jpg?_i=AA 681w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Heredot\u2019un s\u00f6yledi\u011fine g\u00f6re \u015fehir milattan \u00f6nce 2,750 y\u0131l\u0131nda kuruluyor. L\u00fcbnan\u2019\u0131n Akdeniz k\u0131y\u0131s\u0131nda yer alan tarihi liman kenti 1984 y\u0131l\u0131ndan beri UNESCO D\u00fcnya Miraslar\u0131 Listesi\u2019nde yer al\u0131yor. \u015eehrin Roman Hipodromu \u00f6zellikle ziyaret\u00e7ilerin ilgisini \u00e7ekiyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"11_kudus_israil\"><\/span><strong>11. Kud\u00fcs, \u0130srail<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Kud\u00fcs, Ortado\u011fu\u2019da bulunan D\u00fcnya\u2019n\u0131n en eski \u015fehirlerinden. \u00dc\u00e7 semavi din olan Yahudilik, Hristiyanl\u0131k ve \u0130slam i\u00e7in kutsal olan kent M\u00d6 2,800 y\u0131l\u0131nda kuruluyor. Tarihi boyunca \u015fehir 23 kez ku\u015fatma alt\u0131na al\u0131n\u0131yor, 52 defa sald\u0131r\u0131ya u\u011fruyor, 44 kere ele ge\u00e7iriliyor ve 2 kere yok ediliyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"10_beyrut_lubnan\"><\/span><strong>10. Beyrut, L\u00fcbnan<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-style-default\"><img width=\"1024\" height=\"640\" data-public-id=\"Beirut-City-Lebanon\/Beirut-City-Lebanon.jpg\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/res.cloudinary.com\/turna\/images\/w_1024,h_640,c_scale\/f_auto,q_auto:low\/v1636617299\/Beirut-City-Lebanon\/Beirut-City-Lebanon.jpg?_i=AA\" alt=\"Beyrut\" class=\"wp-post-20140 wp-image-20146\" data-format=\"jpg\" data-transformations=\"f_auto,q_auto:low\" data-version=\"1636617299\" data-seo=\"1\" srcset=\"https:\/\/res.cloudinary.com\/turna\/images\/f_auto,q_auto:low\/v1636617299\/Beirut-City-Lebanon\/Beirut-City-Lebanon.jpg?_i=AA 1024w, https:\/\/res.cloudinary.com\/turna\/images\/w_800,h_500,c_scale\/f_auto,q_auto:low\/v1636617299\/Beirut-City-Lebanon\/Beirut-City-Lebanon.jpg?_i=AA 800w, https:\/\/res.cloudinary.com\/turna\/images\/w_300,h_188,c_scale\/f_auto,q_auto:low\/v1636617299\/Beirut-City-Lebanon\/Beirut-City-Lebanon.jpg?_i=AA 300w, https:\/\/res.cloudinary.com\/turna\/images\/w_672,h_420,c_scale\/f_auto,q_auto:low\/v1636617299\/Beirut-City-Lebanon\/Beirut-City-Lebanon.jpg?_i=AA 672w, https:\/\/res.cloudinary.com\/turna\/images\/w_640,h_400,c_scale\/f_auto,q_auto:low\/v1636617299\/Beirut-City-Lebanon\/Beirut-City-Lebanon.jpg?_i=AA 640w, https:\/\/res.cloudinary.com\/turna\/images\/w_681,h_426,c_scale\/f_auto,q_auto:low\/v1636617299\/Beirut-City-Lebanon\/Beirut-City-Lebanon.jpg?_i=AA 681w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>L\u00fcbnan\u2019\u0131n ba\u015fkenti, k\u00fclt\u00fcrel, y\u00f6netimsel ve ekonomik merkezi olan Beyrut\u2019un tarihi 5,000 y\u0131l \u00f6nceye dayan\u0131yor. M\u00d6 3,000 y\u0131l\u0131nda kurulan \u015fehirde yap\u0131lan kaz\u0131lar Fenike uygarl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan, Helenistik d\u00f6nemden, Roma \u0130mparatorlu\u011fundan, Araplardan ve Osmanl\u0131lardan kalan izleri ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131yor. L\u00fcbnan \u0130\u00e7 Sava\u015f\u0131 sona erdi\u011finden beri \u015fehir canl\u0131 bir turizm merkezi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"9_gaziantep_turkiye\"><\/span><strong>9. Gaziantep, T\u00fcrkiye<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Gaziantep&#8217;te bulunan bir antik kent <strong>D\u00fcl\u00fck<\/strong>, T\u00fcrkiye&#8217;nin h\u00e2l\u00e2 ya\u015fan\u0131lan en eski kenti. G\u00fcneydo\u011fu Anadolu b\u00f6lgesinde yer alan Gaziantep\u2019in tarihi Hititlere kadar uzan\u0131yor. \u015eehir M\u00d6 3,650 y\u0131l\u0131nda kuruluyor. Bu kentte Bak\u0131r \u00c7a\u011f\u0131&#8217;ndan kalma eserlere ve bilinen en eski matematik i\u015flemlerine rastlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>D\u00fcl\u00fck, tarih boyunca s\u0131rayla Hititler, Medler, Asurlular, Persler ve B\u00fcy\u00fck \u0130skender aras\u0131nda el de\u011fi\u015ftirip durmu\u015f. Tam olarak ne zaman yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 bilinememekle birlikte 6. Y\u00fczy\u0131lda Bizansl\u0131lar taraf\u0131ndan onar\u0131lan Gaziantep kalesi \u015fehir merkezinde yer al\u0131yor. Kalenin i\u00e7inde Roma d\u00f6nemine ait mozaikleri de bulunuyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"8_filibe_bulgaristan\"><\/span><strong>8. Filibe, Bulgaristan<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-style-default\"><img width=\"1024\" height=\"640\" data-public-id=\"Plovdiv-Bulgaria\/Plovdiv-Bulgaria.jpg\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/res.cloudinary.com\/turna\/images\/w_1024,h_640,c_scale\/f_auto,q_auto:low\/v1636617336\/Plovdiv-Bulgaria\/Plovdiv-Bulgaria.jpg?_i=AA\" alt=\"Plovdiv\" class=\"wp-post-20140 wp-image-20147\" data-format=\"jpg\" data-transformations=\"f_auto,q_auto:low\" data-version=\"1636617336\" data-seo=\"1\" srcset=\"https:\/\/res.cloudinary.com\/turna\/images\/f_auto,q_auto:low\/v1636617336\/Plovdiv-Bulgaria\/Plovdiv-Bulgaria.jpg?_i=AA 1024w, https:\/\/res.cloudinary.com\/turna\/images\/w_800,h_500,c_scale\/f_auto,q_auto:low\/v1636617336\/Plovdiv-Bulgaria\/Plovdiv-Bulgaria.jpg?_i=AA 800w, https:\/\/res.cloudinary.com\/turna\/images\/w_300,h_188,c_scale\/f_auto,q_auto:low\/v1636617336\/Plovdiv-Bulgaria\/Plovdiv-Bulgaria.jpg?_i=AA 300w, https:\/\/res.cloudinary.com\/turna\/images\/w_672,h_420,c_scale\/f_auto,q_auto:low\/v1636617336\/Plovdiv-Bulgaria\/Plovdiv-Bulgaria.jpg?_i=AA 672w, https:\/\/res.cloudinary.com\/turna\/images\/w_640,h_400,c_scale\/f_auto,q_auto:low\/v1636617336\/Plovdiv-Bulgaria\/Plovdiv-Bulgaria.jpg?_i=AA 640w, https:\/\/res.cloudinary.com\/turna\/images\/w_681,h_426,c_scale\/f_auto,q_auto:low\/v1636617336\/Plovdiv-Bulgaria\/Plovdiv-Bulgaria.jpg?_i=AA 681w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Bulgaristan\u2019daki en b\u00fcy\u00fck ikinci \u015fehir olan <strong>Filibe<\/strong> M\u00d6 4,000 y\u0131l\u0131nda kuruluyor. Ba\u015fta bir Trak yerle\u015fimi olarak kuruluna \u015fehir daha sonra \u00f6nemli bir Roma yerle\u015fkesi haline geliyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bizans ve Osmanl\u0131 y\u00f6netiminden de ge\u00e7en Filibe sonunda Bulgaristan\u2019\u0131n bir par\u00e7as\u0131 oluyor. \u015eehir, Roma mimarili tiyatro ve Osmanl\u0131 hamamlar\u0131yla bir k\u00fclt\u00fcr merkezi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"7_sayda_lubnan\"><\/span><strong>7. Sayda, L\u00fcbnan<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Antik \u00c7a\u011fda \u00f6nemli bir Fenike \u015fehri olan Sayda, L\u00fcbnan\u2019\u0131n ba\u015fkenti Beyrut\u2019un g\u00fcneyinde, Akdeniz sahilinde yer al\u0131yor. \u015eehrin M\u00d6 4,000 y\u0131l\u0131ndan beri ya\u015fam alan\u0131 oldu\u011fu biliniyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"6_feyyum_misir\"><\/span><strong>6. Feyyum, M\u0131s\u0131r<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-style-default\"><img width=\"1024\" height=\"640\" data-public-id=\"Fayoum-Egypt\/Fayoum-Egypt.jpg\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/res.cloudinary.com\/turna\/images\/w_1024,h_640,c_scale\/f_auto,q_auto:low\/v1636617368\/Fayoum-Egypt\/Fayoum-Egypt.jpg?_i=AA\" alt=\"Fayoum-Egypt\" class=\"wp-post-20140 wp-image-20148\" data-format=\"jpg\" data-transformations=\"f_auto,q_auto:low\" data-version=\"1636617368\" data-seo=\"1\" srcset=\"https:\/\/res.cloudinary.com\/turna\/images\/f_auto,q_auto:low\/v1636617368\/Fayoum-Egypt\/Fayoum-Egypt.jpg?_i=AA 1024w, https:\/\/res.cloudinary.com\/turna\/images\/w_800,h_500,c_scale\/f_auto,q_auto:low\/v1636617368\/Fayoum-Egypt\/Fayoum-Egypt.jpg?_i=AA 800w, https:\/\/res.cloudinary.com\/turna\/images\/w_300,h_188,c_scale\/f_auto,q_auto:low\/v1636617368\/Fayoum-Egypt\/Fayoum-Egypt.jpg?_i=AA 300w, https:\/\/res.cloudinary.com\/turna\/images\/w_672,h_420,c_scale\/f_auto,q_auto:low\/v1636617368\/Fayoum-Egypt\/Fayoum-Egypt.jpg?_i=AA 672w, https:\/\/res.cloudinary.com\/turna\/images\/w_640,h_400,c_scale\/f_auto,q_auto:low\/v1636617368\/Fayoum-Egypt\/Fayoum-Egypt.jpg?_i=AA 640w, https:\/\/res.cloudinary.com\/turna\/images\/w_681,h_426,c_scale\/f_auto,q_auto:low\/v1636617368\/Fayoum-Egypt\/Fayoum-Egypt.jpg?_i=AA 681w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Feyyum, Kahire\u2019nin g\u00fcneybat\u0131s\u0131nda M\u00d6 4,000 y\u0131l\u0131nda kuruluyor. Antik krokodilopolis kentinin bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131 kapsayan \u015fehirde g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde \u00e7e\u015fitli geni\u015f pazar alanlar\u0131, camiler ve hamamlar yer al\u0131yor. Lehin ve Havara piramitleri de \u015fehrin yak\u0131n\u0131nda bulunuyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"5_susa_iran\"><\/span><strong>5. Susa, \u0130ran<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Eski\u00e7a\u011fda \u015eu\u015fan ad\u0131yla, Elam Devleti\u2019nin ba\u015fkenti olan Susa M\u00d6 4,200 y\u0131l\u0131nda kuruluyor. Daha sonra Asur, Achaemenid, Pers ve Sasani imparatorluklar\u0131n\u0131n y\u00f6netimine giren \u015fehirde g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde yakla\u015f\u0131k 65,000 ki\u015fi ya\u015f\u0131yor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"4_sam_suriye\"><\/span><strong>4. \u015eam, Suriye<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-style-default\"><img width=\"1024\" height=\"640\" data-public-id=\"Damascus-Syria\/Damascus-Syria.jpg\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/res.cloudinary.com\/turna\/images\/w_1024,h_640,c_scale\/f_auto,q_auto:low\/v1636617399\/Damascus-Syria\/Damascus-Syria.jpg?_i=AA\" alt=\"\u015eam\" class=\"wp-post-20140 wp-image-20149\" data-format=\"jpg\" data-transformations=\"f_auto,q_auto:low\" data-version=\"1636617399\" data-seo=\"1\" srcset=\"https:\/\/res.cloudinary.com\/turna\/images\/f_auto,q_auto:low\/v1636617399\/Damascus-Syria\/Damascus-Syria.jpg?_i=AA 1024w, https:\/\/res.cloudinary.com\/turna\/images\/w_800,h_500,c_scale\/f_auto,q_auto:low\/v1636617399\/Damascus-Syria\/Damascus-Syria.jpg?_i=AA 800w, https:\/\/res.cloudinary.com\/turna\/images\/w_300,h_188,c_scale\/f_auto,q_auto:low\/v1636617399\/Damascus-Syria\/Damascus-Syria.jpg?_i=AA 300w, https:\/\/res.cloudinary.com\/turna\/images\/w_672,h_420,c_scale\/f_auto,q_auto:low\/v1636617399\/Damascus-Syria\/Damascus-Syria.jpg?_i=AA 672w, https:\/\/res.cloudinary.com\/turna\/images\/w_640,h_400,c_scale\/f_auto,q_auto:low\/v1636617399\/Damascus-Syria\/Damascus-Syria.jpg?_i=AA 640w, https:\/\/res.cloudinary.com\/turna\/images\/w_681,h_426,c_scale\/f_auto,q_auto:low\/v1636617399\/Damascus-Syria\/Damascus-Syria.jpg?_i=AA 681w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>M\u00d6 4,300 y\u0131l\u0131nda kuruldu\u011funa inan\u0131lan \u015eam Suriye\u2019nin ba\u015fkenti. Aramilerin gelmesiyle \u00f6nemli bir yerle\u015fim yeri halini al\u0131yor. \u015eehrin g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde de kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131 su a\u011f\u0131n\u0131n atas\u0131 olan kanallar a\u011f\u0131 onlardan kalma. B\u00fcy\u00fck \u0130skender taraf\u0131ndan da fethedilen \u015fehir o zamandan sonra Roma, Arap ve Osmanl\u0131 hakimiyetine giriyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"3_halep_suriye\"><\/span><strong>3. Halep, Suriye<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Tarihi M\u00d6 4,300 y\u0131l\u0131na dayanan Halep, M\u00d6 800 y\u0131l\u0131na kadar Hititlerin kontrol\u00fcnde kal\u0131yor. \u015eehir daha sonra s\u0131ras\u0131yla Asurlular, Yunanl\u0131lar ve Perslerin eline ge\u00e7iyor. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Daha sonra Roma \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu taraf\u0131ndan i\u015fgal edilen \u015fehir, Bizans ve Arap egemenli\u011fine de giriyor. Ha\u00e7l\u0131 seferlerinde ku\u015fat\u0131ld\u0131ktan sonra Mo\u011fol ve Osmanl\u0131 \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu \u015fehirde h\u00fck\u00fcm s\u00fcr\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"2_biblos_lubnan\"><\/span><strong>2. Biblos, L\u00fcbnan<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-style-default\"><img width=\"1024\" height=\"640\" data-public-id=\"Byblos-Lebanon\/Byblos-Lebanon.jpg\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/res.cloudinary.com\/turna\/images\/w_1024,h_640,c_scale\/f_auto,q_auto:low\/v1636617440\/Byblos-Lebanon\/Byblos-Lebanon.jpg?_i=AA\" alt=\"Byblos\" class=\"wp-post-20140 wp-image-20150\" data-format=\"jpg\" data-transformations=\"f_auto,q_auto:low\" data-version=\"1636617440\" data-seo=\"1\" srcset=\"https:\/\/res.cloudinary.com\/turna\/images\/f_auto,q_auto:low\/v1636617440\/Byblos-Lebanon\/Byblos-Lebanon.jpg?_i=AA 1024w, https:\/\/res.cloudinary.com\/turna\/images\/w_800,h_500,c_scale\/f_auto,q_auto:low\/v1636617440\/Byblos-Lebanon\/Byblos-Lebanon.jpg?_i=AA 800w, https:\/\/res.cloudinary.com\/turna\/images\/w_300,h_188,c_scale\/f_auto,q_auto:low\/v1636617440\/Byblos-Lebanon\/Byblos-Lebanon.jpg?_i=AA 300w, https:\/\/res.cloudinary.com\/turna\/images\/w_672,h_420,c_scale\/f_auto,q_auto:low\/v1636617440\/Byblos-Lebanon\/Byblos-Lebanon.jpg?_i=AA 672w, https:\/\/res.cloudinary.com\/turna\/images\/w_640,h_400,c_scale\/f_auto,q_auto:low\/v1636617440\/Byblos-Lebanon\/Byblos-Lebanon.jpg?_i=AA 640w, https:\/\/res.cloudinary.com\/turna\/images\/w_681,h_426,c_scale\/f_auto,q_auto:low\/v1636617440\/Byblos-Lebanon\/Byblos-Lebanon.jpg?_i=AA 681w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Biblos, L\u00fcbnan&#8217;\u0131n Beyrut kentinin kuzeyinde yer alan antik bir Fenike liman kenti. \u015eu anki Arap\u00e7a ad\u0131 Jbail olan kentin tarihinin kesin olarak bilinmemekle birlikte 7000 y\u0131l \u00f6ncesine kadar uzan\u0131yor. \u015eehir, bir zamanlar Gubla ve daha sonralar\u0131 da Gebal olarak an\u0131l\u0131yor. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Biblos \u015fehirden papir\u00fcs ithal eden Yunanl\u0131lar\u0131n takt\u0131\u011f\u0131 isim. \u015eehrin g\u00f6r\u00fclecek yerlerinin ba\u015f\u0131nda Fenike tap\u0131naklar\u0131, Biblos kalesi, 12. Y\u00fczy\u0131lda Ha\u00e7l\u0131 Seferleri s\u0131ras\u0131nda in\u015fa edilen Vaftizci Yahya kilisesi ve Orta\u00e7a\u011f\u2019dan kalma \u015fehir surlar\u0131 geliyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1_eriha_filistin\"><\/span><strong>1. Eriha, Filistin<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-style-default\"><img width=\"1024\" height=\"640\" data-public-id=\"Jericho-Palestinian\/Jericho-Palestinian.jpg\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/res.cloudinary.com\/turna\/images\/w_1024,h_640,c_scale\/f_auto,q_auto:low\/v1636617471\/Jericho-Palestinian\/Jericho-Palestinian.jpg?_i=AA\" alt=\"Jericho\" class=\"wp-post-20140 wp-image-20151\" data-format=\"jpg\" data-transformations=\"f_auto,q_auto:low\" data-version=\"1636617471\" data-seo=\"1\" srcset=\"https:\/\/res.cloudinary.com\/turna\/images\/f_auto,q_auto:low\/v1636617471\/Jericho-Palestinian\/Jericho-Palestinian.jpg?_i=AA 1024w, https:\/\/res.cloudinary.com\/turna\/images\/w_800,h_500,c_scale\/f_auto,q_auto:low\/v1636617471\/Jericho-Palestinian\/Jericho-Palestinian.jpg?_i=AA 800w, https:\/\/res.cloudinary.com\/turna\/images\/w_300,h_188,c_scale\/f_auto,q_auto:low\/v1636617471\/Jericho-Palestinian\/Jericho-Palestinian.jpg?_i=AA 300w, https:\/\/res.cloudinary.com\/turna\/images\/w_672,h_420,c_scale\/f_auto,q_auto:low\/v1636617471\/Jericho-Palestinian\/Jericho-Palestinian.jpg?_i=AA 672w, https:\/\/res.cloudinary.com\/turna\/images\/w_640,h_400,c_scale\/f_auto,q_auto:low\/v1636617471\/Jericho-Palestinian\/Jericho-Palestinian.jpg?_i=AA 640w, https:\/\/res.cloudinary.com\/turna\/images\/w_681,h_426,c_scale\/f_auto,q_auto:low\/v1636617471\/Jericho-Palestinian\/Jericho-Palestinian.jpg?_i=AA 681w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Eriha, M\u00d6 9,000 y\u0131l\u0131ndan beri aral\u0131ks\u0131z olarak yerle\u015fimin s\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc bir \u015fehir. Arkeologlar\u0131n 11,000 y\u0131l \u00f6ncesinden 20 yerle\u015fimi g\u00fcn \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131na \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u015fehir \u00dcrd\u00fcn Nehri\u2019nin yan\u0131nda yer al\u0131yor. Nehrin bat\u0131 k\u0131y\u0131s\u0131ndaki \u015fehirde g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde yakla\u015f\u0131k 20,000 ki\u015fi ya\u015f\u0131yor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>T\u00fcrkiye&#8217;nin h\u00e2l\u00e2 ya\u015fan\u0131lan en eski kentleri aras\u0131na yer alan D\u00fcl\u00fck (Gaziantep) d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda s\u0131ras\u0131yla Harran ve Van da listeye giriyor. <\/p>\n\n    <div class=\"xs_social_share_widget xs_share_url after_content \t\tmain_content  wslu-style-1 wslu-share-box-shaped wslu-fill-colored wslu-none wslu-share-horizontal wslu-theme-font-no wslu-main_content\">\n\n\t\t\n        <ul>\n\t\t\t        <\/ul>\n    <\/div> \n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>D\u00fcnya \u00fczerindeki ilk yerle\u015fim yerleri olan ve halen ya\u015fam alan\u0131 olarak kullan\u0131lan \u015fehirleri biliyor musunuz? Bu tarihi kentler ge\u00e7mi\u015fe \u0131\u015f\u0131k tutarken g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze de uyum sa\u011flayarak \u00e7a\u011flar\u0131 birle\u015ftiriyor. D\u00fcnyan\u0131n en eski \u015fehirlerinin \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011fu Ortado\u011fu ve Akdeniz co\u011frafyas\u0131nda yer al\u0131yor. Medeniyetlerin be\u015fi\u011fi \u00fclkemizden de bir \u015fehir ilk en eski \u015fehirlerin ilk yirmi listesinde yer al\u0131yor. D\u00fcnya&#8217;n\u0131n H\u00e2l\u00e2 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":8,"featured_media":20141,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"rop_custom_images_group":[],"rop_custom_messages_group":[],"rop_publish_now":"initial","rop_publish_now_accounts":[],"rop_publish_now_history":[],"rop_publish_now_status":"pending","_cloudinary_featured_overwrite":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[2],"tags":[11,2370,1133,2371,1124,334,1108,2368],"class_list":["post-20140","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-ulkeler","tag-atina","tag-cadiz","tag-erbil","tag-eriha","tag-halep","tag-larnaca","tag-sam","tag-varanasi"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.turna.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/20140","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.turna.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.turna.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.turna.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/8"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.turna.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=20140"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.turna.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/20140\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.turna.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/20141"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.turna.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=20140"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.turna.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=20140"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.turna.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=20140"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}