{"id":19367,"date":"2021-07-22T08:22:00","date_gmt":"2021-07-22T05:22:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.turna.com\/blog\/?p=19367"},"modified":"2025-12-10T17:50:26","modified_gmt":"2025-12-10T14:50:26","slug":"aziz-stephan-katedrali-viyana","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.turna.com\/blog\/aziz-stephan-katedrali-viyana","title":{"rendered":"Aziz Stephan Katedrali, Viyana"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_82_2 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-black ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">\u0130\u00e7indekiler<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"\u0130\u00e7indekiler Tablosunu A\u00e7\/Kapat\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #ffffff;color:#ffffff\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #ffffff;color:#ffffff\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 eztoc-toggle-hide-by-default' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/www.turna.com\/blog\/aziz-stephan-katedrali-viyana\/#aziz_stephan_katedrali_viyana\" >Aziz Stephan Katedrali, Viyana<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/www.turna.com\/blog\/aziz-stephan-katedrali-viyana\/#yeniceri_heykeli_ve_pummerin_cani\" >Yeni\u00e7eri Heykeli ve Pummerin \u00c7an\u0131<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/www.turna.com\/blog\/aziz-stephan-katedrali-viyana\/#aziz_stephan_katedraline_nasil_gidilir\" >Aziz Stephan Katedrali\u2019ne nas\u0131l gidilir<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n\n<p><strong>Aziz Stephan Katedrali<\/strong> (Stephansdom veya Domkirche St. Stephan zu Wien) Viyana&#8217;n\u0131n kalbi Stephansplatz\u2019de yer al\u0131yor. Katedral her y\u0131l d\u00fcnyan\u0131n d\u00f6rt bir yan\u0131ndan iki milyondan fazla ziyaret\u00e7i a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131yor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>1147 y\u0131l\u0131nda yap\u0131lan ve Viyana&#8217;n\u0131n en \u00f6nemli simgesi olan katedral, Avusturya\u2019n\u0131n ve Avrupa\u2019n\u0131n en \u00f6nemli yap\u0131lar\u0131ndan biri. \u00dczerinde bulundu\u011fu meydana kendi ad\u0131n\u0131 veren katedralin G\u00fcney Kulesi\u2019ne \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131zda muazzam bir Viyana\u2019n\u0131n manzaras\u0131yla kar\u015f\u0131la\u015f\u0131yorsunuz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large is-style-default\"><img width=\"800\" height=\"500\" data-public-id=\"Aziz-Stephan-Katedrali-Viyana\/Aziz-Stephan-Katedrali-Viyana.jpg\" fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/res.cloudinary.com\/turna\/images\/w_800,h_500,c_scale\/f_auto,q_auto:low\/v1624341601\/Aziz-Stephan-Katedrali-Viyana\/Aziz-Stephan-Katedrali-Viyana.jpg?_i=AA\" alt=\"Aziz-Stephan-Katedrali-Viyana\" class=\"wp-post-19367 wp-image-19368\" data-format=\"jpg\" data-transformations=\"f_auto,q_auto:low\" data-version=\"1624341601\" data-seo=\"1\" srcset=\"https:\/\/res.cloudinary.com\/turna\/images\/f_auto,q_auto:low\/v1624341601\/Aziz-Stephan-Katedrali-Viyana\/Aziz-Stephan-Katedrali-Viyana.jpg?_i=AA 800w, https:\/\/res.cloudinary.com\/turna\/images\/w_300,h_188,c_scale\/f_auto,q_auto:low\/v1624341601\/Aziz-Stephan-Katedrali-Viyana\/Aziz-Stephan-Katedrali-Viyana.jpg?_i=AA 300w, https:\/\/res.cloudinary.com\/turna\/images\/w_672,h_420,c_scale\/f_auto,q_auto:low\/v1624341601\/Aziz-Stephan-Katedrali-Viyana\/Aziz-Stephan-Katedrali-Viyana.jpg?_i=AA 672w, https:\/\/res.cloudinary.com\/turna\/images\/w_640,h_400,c_scale\/f_auto,q_auto:low\/v1624341601\/Aziz-Stephan-Katedrali-Viyana\/Aziz-Stephan-Katedrali-Viyana.jpg?_i=AA 640w, https:\/\/res.cloudinary.com\/turna\/images\/w_681,h_426,c_scale\/f_auto,q_auto:low\/v1624341601\/Aziz-Stephan-Katedrali-Viyana\/Aziz-Stephan-Katedrali-Viyana.jpg?_i=AA 681w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"aziz_stephan_katedrali_viyana\"><\/span><strong>Aziz Stephan Katedrali, Viyana<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Viyana\u2019n\u0131n \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck simgesi olarak g\u00f6r\u00fclen Aziz Stephan, tarih boyunca pek \u00e7ok sava\u015f ve yang\u0131n atlatm\u0131\u015f. Defalarca restore edilen katedral Osmanl\u0131\u2019n\u0131n Viyana ku\u015fatmalar\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda, halk\u0131n s\u0131\u011f\u0131na\u011f\u0131 haline gelmi\u015f. \u00d6yle ki y\u0131llar s\u00fcren \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalarla d\u00fcnyan\u0131n en y\u00fcksek d\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fc gotik katedrali olan binan\u0131n kulesi yeniden beyaz olan orijinal rengine d\u00f6nd\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>O g\u00fcnlerin izleri halen Aziz Stephan\u2019da duruyor. Viyana ku\u015fatmalar\u0131n\u0131n zaferini simgeleyen Osmanl\u0131 ak\u0131nc\u0131s\u0131 heykeli ile ikinci ku\u015fatmadan geride kalan silahlar\u0131n ve toplar\u0131n eritilmesiyle yap\u0131lan, yirmi tonluk Pummerin \u00c7an\u0131\u2019n\u0131 g\u00f6rebilirsiniz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Yap\u0131m\u0131na 1147\u2019de ba\u015flanan ve Gotik mimari tarz\u0131nda in\u015fa edilen katedral, 137 metre y\u00fcksekli\u011fe ve 70 metre geni\u015fli\u011fe sahip. Avusturya D\u00fck\u00fc IV. Rudolf taraf\u0131ndan yapt\u0131r\u0131lan katedralin Devler Kap\u0131s\u0131 ve Putperest Kuleler, Kule K\u00fclah\u0131, \u00c7inli \u00c7at\u0131, Singer Kap\u0131s\u0131, Vaiz K\u00fcrs\u00fc ve Y\u00fcksek Altar gibi b\u00f6l\u00fcmleri bulunuyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"yeniceri_heykeli_ve_pummerin_cani\"><\/span><strong>Yeni\u00e7eri Heykeli ve Pummerin \u00c7an\u0131<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large is-style-default\"><img width=\"800\" height=\"500\" data-public-id=\"Capistrankanzel-Viyana\/Capistrankanzel-Viyana.jpg\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/res.cloudinary.com\/turna\/images\/w_800,h_500,c_scale\/f_auto,q_auto:low\/v1624341992\/Capistrankanzel-Viyana\/Capistrankanzel-Viyana.jpg?_i=AA\" alt=\"Capistrankanzel-Viyana\" class=\"wp-post-19367 wp-image-19369\" data-format=\"jpg\" data-transformations=\"f_auto,q_auto:low\" data-version=\"1624341992\" data-seo=\"1\" srcset=\"https:\/\/res.cloudinary.com\/turna\/images\/f_auto,q_auto:low\/v1624341992\/Capistrankanzel-Viyana\/Capistrankanzel-Viyana.jpg?_i=AA 800w, https:\/\/res.cloudinary.com\/turna\/images\/w_300,h_188,c_scale\/f_auto,q_auto:low\/v1624341992\/Capistrankanzel-Viyana\/Capistrankanzel-Viyana.jpg?_i=AA 300w, https:\/\/res.cloudinary.com\/turna\/images\/w_672,h_420,c_scale\/f_auto,q_auto:low\/v1624341992\/Capistrankanzel-Viyana\/Capistrankanzel-Viyana.jpg?_i=AA 672w, https:\/\/res.cloudinary.com\/turna\/images\/w_640,h_400,c_scale\/f_auto,q_auto:low\/v1624341992\/Capistrankanzel-Viyana\/Capistrankanzel-Viyana.jpg?_i=AA 640w, https:\/\/res.cloudinary.com\/turna\/images\/w_681,h_426,c_scale\/f_auto,q_auto:low\/v1624341992\/Capistrankanzel-Viyana\/Capistrankanzel-Viyana.jpg?_i=AA 681w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Yeni\u00e7eri veya Osmanl\u0131 Ak\u0131nc\u0131s\u0131 Heykeli (Capistrankanzel), Evliya \u00c7elebi\u2019nin Seyahatname\u2019sinde \u201c\u0130stifani Manast\u0131r\u0131\u201d olarak adland\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 katedralin T\u00fcrk tarihi bak\u0131m\u0131ndan en \u00f6nemli b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Katedralin kuzey duvar\u0131nda bulunan ve Fransisken rahipleri taraf\u0131ndan yapt\u0131r\u0131lan Osmanl\u0131 ak\u0131nc\u0131s\u0131 heykeli, Avusturyal\u0131lar\u0131n zaferini simgeliyor. Osmanl\u0131\u2019n\u0131n Viyana ku\u015fatmalar\u0131nda Avusturya\u2019n\u0131n galip geli\u015fini anlatan heykelde, T\u00fcrklerin gazab\u0131 hakk\u0131nda vaazlar veren Johannes von Capistrano&#8217;nun ayaklar\u0131 alt\u0131nda ezilen bir yeni\u00e7eri tasvir edilmi\u015f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Aziz Stephan\u2019da Katedrali\u2019nin \u00fczerindeki T\u00fcrk \u00e7an\u0131 (Pummerin \u00c7an\u0131) ise ikinci Viyana ku\u015fatmas\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda Osmanl\u0131 ordusunun geri \u00e7ekilmesiyle ard\u0131nda b\u0131rakt\u0131\u011f\u0131 m\u00fchimmatlar\u0131n eritilmesiyle olu\u015fturulmu\u015f. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Askeri toplar, g\u00fclleler, k\u0131l\u0131\u00e7lar ve di\u011fer asker malzemelerden olu\u015fan bu malzemeler, Viyana Ba\u015frahibi Franz Ferdinand Freiherr von Rummel\u2019in iste\u011fi ve \u0130mparator Birinci Joseph emri ile 1711\u2019de \u00e7an ustas\u0131 Johannes Achamer\u2019e yapt\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f. Devasa Pummerin \u00c7an\u0131 1712\u2019de Stephan Aziz Katedrali\u2019nin g\u00fcney kulesine monte edilmi\u015f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Yakla\u015f\u0131k 300 farkl\u0131 te\u00e7hizat materyalinden yap\u0131lan, 22.5 ton a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndaki \u00e7an, \u0130kinci D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131nda kiliseyle birlikte a\u011f\u0131r hasar alarak yere d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcp par\u00e7alanm\u0131\u015f. Ancak Yukar\u0131 Avusturya Eyaleti\u2019nin (Ober\u00f6sterreich) Sankt Florian kentinde \u00e7an yeniden yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f. 1957\u2019de bug\u00fcnk\u00fc yerine konulan Pummerin\u2019le birlikte, kilise \u00e7an\u0131n\u0131n \u00fczerine demirden yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f yeni\u00e7eri ba\u015flar\u0131 ve II. Viyana Ku\u015fatmas\u0131\u2019n\u0131 hat\u0131rlatan bir tablo i\u015flenmi\u015f. Yeni \u00e7an katedralin kuzey kulesine yerle\u015ftirilmi\u015f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Di\u011fer yandan Viyana\u2019da yakla\u015fan Osmanl\u0131 tehlikesi kiliselerde \u00e7al\u0131nan \u00e7anlarla haber verilirmi\u015f. Papa III. Calixtus&#8217;un emriyle 1456\u2019da Belgrad Ku\u015fatmas\u0131&#8217;ndan beri Avrupa&#8217;da T\u00fcrk \u00e7an\u0131 ad\u0131yla b\u00fct\u00fcn kiliselerde belli zamanlarda \u00e7anlar \u00e7al\u0131n\u0131r ve dualar okunurmu\u015f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Adres<\/strong>: 1010 Wien, Stephansplatz 3\/4\/7 \u2013 A<br>http:\/\/www.stephansdom.at\/<br><strong>Ziyaret saatler<\/strong>i: Pazartesi-Sal\u0131-\u00c7ar\u015famba-Per\u015fembe, 09.00-:11:30\/13:00-15.30, Cuma 09.00-13.00.<br><strong>Giri\u015f \u00fccreti<\/strong>: Katedral, kuleler, mezarlar ve katedral hazinesini kapsayan biletler 25\u20ac<br>Yaln\u0131zca katedrale girmek ve kuleleri g\u00f6rmek istemezseniz 7\u20ac<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large is-style-default\"><img width=\"800\" height=\"500\" data-public-id=\"St-Stephan-Katedrali-Viyana\/St-Stephan-Katedrali-Viyana.jpg\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/res.cloudinary.com\/turna\/images\/w_800,h_500,c_scale\/f_auto,q_auto:low\/v1624341990\/St-Stephan-Katedrali-Viyana\/St-Stephan-Katedrali-Viyana.jpg?_i=AA\" alt=\"St-Stephan-Katedrali-Viyana\" class=\"wp-post-19367 wp-image-19370\" data-format=\"jpg\" data-transformations=\"f_auto,q_auto:low\" data-version=\"1624341990\" data-seo=\"1\" srcset=\"https:\/\/res.cloudinary.com\/turna\/images\/f_auto,q_auto:low\/v1624341990\/St-Stephan-Katedrali-Viyana\/St-Stephan-Katedrali-Viyana.jpg?_i=AA 800w, https:\/\/res.cloudinary.com\/turna\/images\/w_300,h_188,c_scale\/f_auto,q_auto:low\/v1624341990\/St-Stephan-Katedrali-Viyana\/St-Stephan-Katedrali-Viyana.jpg?_i=AA 300w, https:\/\/res.cloudinary.com\/turna\/images\/w_672,h_420,c_scale\/f_auto,q_auto:low\/v1624341990\/St-Stephan-Katedrali-Viyana\/St-Stephan-Katedrali-Viyana.jpg?_i=AA 672w, https:\/\/res.cloudinary.com\/turna\/images\/w_640,h_400,c_scale\/f_auto,q_auto:low\/v1624341990\/St-Stephan-Katedrali-Viyana\/St-Stephan-Katedrali-Viyana.jpg?_i=AA 640w, https:\/\/res.cloudinary.com\/turna\/images\/w_681,h_426,c_scale\/f_auto,q_auto:low\/v1624341990\/St-Stephan-Katedrali-Viyana\/St-Stephan-Katedrali-Viyana.jpg?_i=AA 681w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"aziz_stephan_katedraline_nasil_gidilir\"><\/span><strong>Aziz Stephan Katedrali\u2019ne nas\u0131l gidilir<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Aziz Stephan Katedrali\u2019ne Viyana\u2019n\u0131n merkezi olan Stephansplatz\u2019da yer al\u0131yor, dolay\u0131s\u0131 ile ula\u015f\u0131m \u00e7ok kolay. 1A, 2A veya 3A No\u2019lu otob\u00fcslerle ula\u015fabilece\u011finiz katedrale metro ile gitmek isterseniz Stephansplatz dura\u011f\u0131nda inmeniz yeterli. Buradan birka\u00e7 dakika y\u00fcr\u00fcd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fczde g\u00f6receksiniz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Viyana&#8217;n\u0131n sembolleri aras\u0131nda g\u00f6sterilen Aziz Stephan Katedrali&#8217;nin kent belle\u011fine katk\u0131s\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fck. Her y\u0131l 2 milyonu a\u015fk\u0131n ziyaret\u00e7inin g\u00f6rmeye geldi\u011fi katedralin atmosferi heyecan verici.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>En uygun&nbsp;<strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.turna.com\/ucak-bileti\/viyana\">Viyana u\u00e7ak bileti<\/a><\/strong>&nbsp;i\u00e7in turna.com sayfas\u0131n\u0131 ziyaret edin. Geli\u015fmi\u015f arama teknolojisi, g\u00fcvenli \u00f6deme, komisyonsuz al\u0131\u015fveri\u015f, kesintisiz iade garantisi ve daha fazla turna.com sayfalar\u0131nda.<\/p>\n\n    <div class=\"xs_social_share_widget xs_share_url after_content \t\tmain_content  wslu-style-1 wslu-share-box-shaped wslu-fill-colored wslu-none wslu-share-horizontal wslu-theme-font-no wslu-main_content\">\n\n\t\t\n        <ul>\n\t\t\t        <\/ul>\n    <\/div> \n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Aziz Stephan Katedrali (Stephansdom veya Domkirche St. Stephan zu Wien) Viyana&#8217;n\u0131n kalbi Stephansplatz\u2019de yer al\u0131yor. Katedral her y\u0131l d\u00fcnyan\u0131n d\u00f6rt bir yan\u0131ndan iki milyondan fazla ziyaret\u00e7i a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131yor. 1147 y\u0131l\u0131nda yap\u0131lan ve Viyana&#8217;n\u0131n en \u00f6nemli simgesi olan katedral, Avusturya\u2019n\u0131n ve Avrupa\u2019n\u0131n en \u00f6nemli yap\u0131lar\u0131ndan biri. \u00dczerinde bulundu\u011fu meydana kendi ad\u0131n\u0131 veren katedralin G\u00fcney Kulesi\u2019ne \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131zda muazzam [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":8,"featured_media":19368,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"rop_custom_images_group":[],"rop_custom_messages_group":[],"rop_publish_now":"initial","rop_publish_now_accounts":[],"rop_publish_now_history":[],"rop_publish_now_status":"pending","_cloudinary_featured_overwrite":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[161],"tags":[162],"class_list":["post-19367","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-avusturya","tag-viyana"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.turna.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/19367","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.turna.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.turna.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.turna.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/8"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.turna.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=19367"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.turna.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/19367\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.turna.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/19368"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.turna.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=19367"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.turna.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=19367"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.turna.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=19367"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}